What is nitrogen narcosis?

Nitrogen narcosis is a condition that occurs when divers descend to greater depths, leading to increased pressure. This increased ambient pressure causes nitrogen, which is a major component of breathing air, to dissolve into the body's tissues in larger amounts. At significant depths, the nitrogen can exert a narcotic effect on the central nervous system, resulting in symptoms similar to those of intoxication, such as impaired judgment, decreased coordination, and altered mental status. This phenomenon is often described as feeling euphoric or disoriented, which can be dangerous for divers making crucial decisions underwater.

Understanding nitrogen narcosis is essential for divers, as it emphasizes the need for caution while diving at depths greater than around 30 meters (100 feet). Familiarity with this condition can help divers recognize the signs and manage their diving profiles effectively to avoid or minimize the risk of narcosis.