What are the signs of decompression sickness?

The signs of decompression sickness primarily manifest as joint pain, often described as "the bends," along with symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms occur when a diver ascends too quickly after being at depths, which can cause nitrogen to form bubbles in tissues and blood as pressure decreases. Joint pain is particularly notable because nitrogen bubbles tend to accumulate in areas with limited circulation, such as joints. Dizziness can occur due to a variety of factors, including bubble formation affecting blood flow to the brain, leading to neurological symptoms.

Other options are not indicative of decompression sickness. Cold water exposure may affect a diver's experience but does not specifically link to decompression sickness. Oxygen toxicity is a separate condition caused by high partial pressures of oxygen, not related to the rapid ascent after deep dives. Excessive buoyancy is a buoyancy control issue rather than a health condition resulting from decompression processes. Understanding these signs is essential for recognizing and addressing decompression sickness effectively, ensuring the safety of divers.