How does pressure affect the volume of gases when diving?

The relationship between pressure and the volume of gases is defined by Boyle's Law, which states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted on it. This means that when the pressure increases, the volume of the gas decreases, and when the pressure decreases, the volume of the gas increases.

In the context of diving, as a diver descends, the pressure exerted by the water around them increases. This higher pressure causes any gases in the diver's body or equipment, such as those in the lungs or a buoyancy control device, to decrease in volume. For example, as a diver goes deeper, the increased water pressure results in a reduction of the volume of air in their lungs, which is crucial to understand for safe diving practices and buoyancy control.

Understanding this principle helps divers effectively manage their buoyancy and avoid issues such as lung over-expansion if they ascend too rapidly after a deep dive. Therefore, the correct answer focuses on this fundamental principle of gas behavior under varying pressure conditions.